Citations

Directly Quoting

When you are essentially cutting and pasting information from a source, it is directly quoting the source- using the source word for word with no changes.  You must put this information in quotations.  You may not use more than 150 quoted words.  Be sure to cite the source you used.

Paraphrasing

So how do you write your paper if you can only directly quote 150 words?  Paraphrasing.  Use your source’s information, but put it in your own words.  You will still need to cite the source.  Remember, simply changing a couple words here and there is not paraphrasing.  You must change the order of sentences, wording, and words used.

Citing in the Speech

Here are some helpful ways to cite in your speech.  Think about using a different one for each citation to add variety to your speech. Always cite the title and date, and add the author for a book.

According to the website, “Title of Website”, updated xx, it states…

EX: According to the website, “Whales are in Danger “, updated 2007, it states how whales are…

According to the magazine, Title of magazine, published xx, it details…

According to the newspaper, Title of newspaper, published xx, it articulates…

According to the article,”Title of article “, published xx, it explains…

On the website, “Title of Website”, updated xx, it states…

EX: On the website, “Whale Watching”, updated 2008, it states that 200 whales…

Author’s name explains in his/her book, Title of Book,  published xx, that…

EX: George Burns exlains in his book, Watching Whales, published 1998, that whales are…

Start with part of the information before the citation.

EX: Whales are, according to the website, “Whale Watching”, updated 2008, a mamal…